Based on these measurements, we calculated the risk of airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in different near- and far-field scenarios with and without masking and/or distancing. We have also measured the size-dependent filtering properties of different types of filters that can be used as instrument masks. We attribute this to the fact that the resonators of wind instruments act as filters for particles >10 µm in diameter, which were found in high abundance right after a brass mouthpiece but very rarely at the instrument bell end. We find that playing wind instruments carries a lower risk of airborne disease transmission than speaking or singing. Here we report measurements of the size distribution, number, and volume concentration of exhaled particles from 31 healthy musicians playing 20 types of wind instruments using aerosol size spectrometry complemented with in-line holography in a strictly controlled cleanroom environment. Activities such as singing or playing a wind instrument release respiratory particles into the air that may contain pathogens and thus pose a risk for infection transmission.
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